Grammar: Modal verbs of deduction: past; Modal verbs for regret and disapproval p. 97

Watch the video to revise the rule and then do the exercise. Complete the sentences with a modal verb of deduction in the past and the verbs in brackets. The words in bold can help you choose the correct modal.
1 John doesn't like reading that much. He ________ (finish) the book yet. (uncertainty)
2 The fantasy novel was released last year, the author ________ (write) it when he was young. (impossibility)
3 The poet ________ (have) a lot of fans: she received lots of letters from readers during her lifetime. (certainty)
4 I can't find the book I borrowed from the library… I ________ (lose) it. (possibility)
5 You ________ (love) that graphic novel: you read it in two days! (certainty)
6 They ________ (see) Mary outside the cinema because she was at the book shop with me. (impossibility)

Watch the video to revise the rule and then do the exercise. Choose the correct alternative.
1 Why did you tell me the end of the story? You ________ have spoiled it for me!
2 We ________ have asked before taking Neal's pens and school material.
3 I think Tanya ________ have arrived on time.
4 Mike ________ have bought a sci-fi novel as a present for Lisa: she doesn't like the genre!
5 The publishing house ________ have chosen that cover: it's really ugly.

Complete the sentences with a suitable modal verb of deduction in the past or modal verbs for regret and disapproval. The words and expressions in bold can help you choose the correct modal.
1 Oh no! You ________ (leave) the jumper outside, now it's wet because of the rain.
2 It ________ (be) a great experience, I'm sure: they met the writer and spoke to her!
3 They ________ (forget) about the festival: they told me they were interested, but probably they didn't remember.
4 It's impossible, you ________ (meet) the teacher there, he was giving a lesson at that time.
5 I ________ (study) literature better, I regret not doing it.
6 He ________ (not realise) his mistake. It's possible he didn't know what was going on.