Vocabulary: Science and medicine p. 115 #623853

STEP 1 Learn new words with a quiz

Read the prompts and guess what the word / expression is. Write the correct letters (A-G) in the gaps.

1 You should go there if you have a serious injury. ________
2 Follow it if you want to recover from an illness or injury. ________
3 You need this to get a medicine from a chemist. ________
4 A prediction the doctor makes about the development of your health. ________
5 This is the person to go to if you have a cold or the flu. ________
6 Take part in this if you want to help scientists test a new vaccine or medicine. ________
7 What they do to patients as soon as they get to hospital to determine which case is the most urgent. ________

A GP / General Practitioner
B triage
C A&E / Accident and Emergency
D prognosis
E therapy
F prescription
G clinical trial

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STEP 2 Your turn: use the new words in context

Complete the sentences with the words from STEP 1. Use each word only once.

1 My cough wasn't going away, so I decided to go to the ________ and get a ________ for a syrup.
2 During her work experience at the lab, Layla learnt that a ________ can take years to make sure a medicine is safe.
3 Researchers found that patients who received the new gene ________ showed a better ________ than those using traditional treatments.
4 After that major road accident happened, there were so many injured people at the ________ that the nurses had to ________ everyone to determine the most serious cases.

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STEP 3 Word formation

Form verbs from the words given and use them in the correct tense to complete the sentences.

vaccine ● pure ● sterile ● broad ● category ● simple

1 ________ medical terms so that any patient can understand the diagnosis is what all GPs should do.
2 Lin was very surprised to discover that you can ________ bacteria into harmful, harmless and helpful ones.
3 The chemist ________ the solution to remove any residue.
4 After the breakthrough, the researchers ________ the clinical trial on the new medicine to include more people.
5 My GP told me that he ________ many more people against the flu this year compared to previous ones.
6 The nurse ________ the surgical tools for the next operation yet.

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STEP 4 C1 Advanced exam practice: word formation

Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).

The AI revolution in pharmaceutical innovation
The (0) FAILURE rate in drug discovery is notoriously high, with only ten percent of medicines tested on humans reaching the market.	FAIL
The timeline for this process should not be (1) ________:	ESTIMATE
once a potentially (2)________ molecule is identified, it may take	SUCCESS
ten to fifteen years to reach the public. Consequently, the costs
are (3) ________, often reaching $2.8 billion per drug.	SUBSTANCE
To combat these hurdles, pharmaceutical companies are adopting
generative AI. This technology can (4) ________ the time needed	SHORT
to analyse vast biological datasets and help to (5)________ the exact	IDENTITY
target of a disease. AI then (6)________ new molecules to latch onto and kill bacteria.	FORMULA
By predicting the (7) ________ of these candidates before lab work	TOXIC
begins, AI makes the process safer. Furthermore, it enhances clinical trials by scanning records to find patients who are most likely to show
a (8)________ response to treatment.	FAVOUR

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