Lingua inglese - Scuola secondaria di secondo gradoPerformer Shaping Ideas (Second Edition) Performer Shaping Ideas (Second Edition) / Volume 1William Shakespeare, The Tempest

REVISE – O brave new world!

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STEP 4 Spotlight on the game of chess
The chess game between Ferdinand and Miranda is a significant moment in The Tempest. Below are six possible interpretations of what the game symbolises. Read each interpretation carefully and select the correct ones.
A: The chess game represents Prospero's manipulation of events. Just as in chess, he is strategically moving the characters on the island to achieve his wishes.
B: The chess game represents the struggle for control of the island. Ferdinand, as a conqueror, is trying to show his power, while Miranda, as a native, is defending her territory.
C: The chess game is purely a leisure activity with no symbolic meaning. Shakespeare included it to add realism to the scene.
D: The game symbolises the newly born romance between Ferdinand and Miranda. Their playful competition foreshadows their future marriage and the union of their families.
E: Prospero has check-mated the king (Alonso) by marrying his son to his own daughter without the king's knowledge and thereby securing a future alliance.
F: The chess game represents a life dominated by chance, where even the best plans can go wrong.
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STEP 2 Dramatic irony or foreshadowing?
Think about the plot. Read the following lines and decide which literary techniques has been used.

1 PROSPERO supportable / To make the dear loss, have I means much weaker / Than you may call to comfort you. ________
2 ALONSO O heavens, that they were living both in Naples, / The King and Queen there! ________
3 ALONSO If this prove / A vision of the island, one dear son / Shall I twice lose. ________
4 MIRANDA How many goodly creatures are there here! ________
5 GONZALO Look down, you gods / And on this couple drop a blessed crown! ________
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STEP 3 Focus on the tone
As the extract develops, the tone becomes less and less dark. Complete the passage with the words given that describe the changing tone.
Alonso begins the scene in deep ________ over the loss of his son, Ferdinand. His language expresses his despair. However, the mood changes dramatically when Prospero reveals Ferdinand and Miranda. Alonso's despair turns into overwhelming ________. Gonzalo then expresses his ________ for the future of the young couple. The scene moves from despair to happiness and finally to hopeful anticipation of a joyful ________.
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STEP 1 Test your knowledge on the language of drama
This play is well known for Prospero's scheming and manipulations, which allow for the use of different literary techniques. Match the literary techniques (1-3) present in this passage to their meanings (A-C).

1 Dramatic irony ________
2 Tone ________
3 Foreshadowing ________

A Hints or clues about events that will happen later in the story.
B The audience knows something that one or more characters do not, creating suspense or anticipation.
C The feeling or attitude conveyed by the speaker or writer, often through word choice and imagery.
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STEP 5 Think further and prepare for your test: Prospero's journal and the outcome of his plans
Complete his 'imaginary' journal in which Prospero reflects on the events that have happened with the words given. Then look at the prompts in bold and write some extra reflections in your exercise book. You can use the final text as revision material for your test.

Today, I ________ a reunion. Alonso, still ________ by grief for his lost son, did not suspect the joy that awaited him. (Refer to the extract and the events that happen.) They marvelled at what they saw, 'devouring their reason,' while I, the ________, watched my plans unfold. (Refer to what you have learnt about Prospero: why can he be referred to as puppet master?) Ferdinand and Miranda, their innocent ________ a prelude to a greater game – one of kingdoms and ________. (Refer to STEP 4 and the multiple implications of the game of chess.) Gonzalo's blessings represent my own hopes, but the future is, as always, ________. This island, my stage, will soon witness the final act. I will return to Milan as ________. (Refer to the plot and to the primary reason behind the events of the play.)
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